Mr. Mefisto - Foreign Language Essay :: Foreign Language Essays

Conceptual Mr. Mefisto. Before asking what his identity is, the main inquiry must be, he exists or not? I didn't meet him legitimately, eye to eye, however I heard a great deal about. In the event that you ask individuals who realizes they will offer all of you sort of responses. They will disclose to you that, he us great, awful, loyal or is THE GOD. My sentiment is that it don't exists by it self, it exists as a connection among you and the World. In the event that you are not in Harmony with the World, you are under his capacity. D-ul Dracu , Inainte de a te intreba cine e Dracul, cred ca trebue sa te intrebi daca intradevar exista. Eu nu m-am intalnit cu el, fata in fata, dar noise timpuri stravechi si pana astazi, multi spun ca intradevar exista. Fortale Binelui si Fortele Raului. Cu Achriman fiind intunericul absolut si Christos Iubirea Vie. Sunt persoane care ar trebi sa stie. Chistos a scos un evil spirit dintr'un om si l-a bagat intr'o ciurda de porcii. In zilele noastre Papa Paul Ioan II zice Demonul exista, are regatul sau, are un program bine stabilit †¦. iar Papa Benedict XVI, zice Dracul e o prezenta misterioasa, dar reala, personala, nu simbolica . Asta e convingator ? O idee interesanta apare la Gnostici (comoara Templarilor e probabil o copie an Evangeliei apocrife a lui Toma) cu Simeon Magnus si bineinteles cu Valentinian in Imnul Perlei Dar mai beers in critica Legei Mozaice prin Scrisoarea catre Flora a lui Ptolomeu, Lumea nu a fost creata nici de Dumnezeu Tatal si nici de Satana, ci de Demiurg. Cea ce ar putea explica dece Dl Dracu exista. Sau dece Seful Ingerilor s-a razvratit inpotriva lui Dumnezeu. Daca exista inceputul exista si sfarsitul. Daca exista Ying exista si Yang. Tot nu sunt absolut convins, dar sunt inclinat sa acknowledge, pentru ca stiu ca ceva e Bine si ceva e Rau. Nu stiu de unde stiu, dar cred ca e in legatura cu thought de Just si Injust Cred ca e just ca Socrate sa se si e injust sa furi bomboane dela copii. Acum cand de bine de rau, cred ca Dl Dracul exista, as vrea sa stiu cine si ce e. Nu cred ca e sarpele care an ispitit-o pe Eva. Am vazut in o catedrale racket Gubbio, o fresca cu tentatia Evei. Sarpele avea maini si blend pe 2 picioare.

Risk Assessment report on an organization (Toyota USA) Research Paper

Hazard Assessment report on an association (Toyota USA) - Research Paper Example It is one of the most noteworthy positioned vehicle organizations in the whole world as far as worldwide brands. In any event, when deals are low Toyota in the United States sold practically 1.8 million vehicles, in this way the organization can make 16.7% offer in the market. Toyota Being the third biggest vehicle maker on the planet, it has been known as the most proficient. The fundamental business portions incorporate car and budgetary administrations. The car portion can represent at any rate 90% of the income in Toyota and right around 96 percent of Toyota’s working salary. The assembling, item improvement and seller the executives practices of Toyota Company are known to be the best. This hazard appraisal was completed on Toyota Company in the USA to discover on the dangers that face the organization during creation, selling and dispersion. Toyota USA is confronted with significant dangers that can influence the productivity of the activities. Factors, for example, vehicle deals volume, promoting costs, deals impetuses, and value limits, the vehicle models and the alternatives that are sold, client guarantee cases or consumer loyalty activities, cost of research and different costs, creation limit, changes in the estimation of monetary standards utilized in Toyota business, heightened rivalry, and guideline issues. In Toyota organization item improvement can be profoundly capital serious. In any car industry, this has been experienced. The automakers are confronted with the test of making new models every once in a while to keep awake to norms. The automakers should normalize the center item through making a stage on which, they can construct highlight. Toyota can be supposed to be the pioneer in item advancement that is lean. A way of thinking where an organization should concoct an advancement procedure that surfaces with new items utilizing least assets. As indicated by Toyota Motor Corporation SWOT Analysis 10, the car showcase overall is extremely serious. In this manner, Toyota faces high

Math Learning Resources from Genius Plaza!

Math Learning Resources from Genius Plaza! TeacherVision is pleased and proud to feature a collection of learning resources from Genius Plaza, a leading purely bilingual career education platform. Focused on college and career readiness, Genius Plaza provides a solid foundation in math and reading, offers parent and teacher engagement tools, and culturally-relevant treatment of subjects ranging from science to language arts. our way to a million dollars! Students choose correct answers for  multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank questions focused on basic understanding of ones, tens, hundreds, and thousands.                       Place Value: Hundreds, Tens, and Ones Video This engaging and colorful  video teaches students the basics of place value using hundreds, tens,  and ones.                           Millionaire Game: (Place Value Ones Through Millions) Students will expand their knowledge of place value (and collect cash in the process!) by answering a group of multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank questions covering place value from ones all the way through millions!                 Genius Plaza Genius Plaza is an education platform dedicated to democratizing education, embodying the ideal that access to information equals access to opportunity. As the first multicultural education platform built for diverse communities, Genius Plaza removes this obstacle by providing engaging, practical, research-based curriculum where students are the protagonists of their learning. We bring the best quality education to communities around the world, providing access to the strongest, culturally relevant math, science and language arts content offered.has expanded its reach to close the academic achievement gap among students across the globe.

Discretion And The Criminal Justice - 1327 Words

Research Paper: Discretion and the Criminal Justice Professional Jason Gaffney Saint Leo University Abstract The criminal justice system involve many elements. Some of the major components are the men and women who maintain these as Police Officers, Lawyers, Corrections Officers, and the Judges. For the purpose of this paper, I will be focusing more on Judges. Judges sit upon the bench of the courts and help to ensure that fairness is present during trials. A judge must also enforce court procedures and decide issues of law. Along with these proceedings a judge will have to use professional discretion, but when does the use of professional discretion cross ethical boundaries? During this paper we shall also address this question. Judge Roles Judges play a key part in overseeing and making decisions on some court room matters. Their duties also include adjudicator and negotiator. As an adjudicator, Judges must act as a neutral mediator between parties. They must make sure laws are upheld and that the accused receive a fair due process. As adjudicator they can use some level of professional discretion. Judges will also hear and review negotiators made between prosecutors and defense lawyers. These deals consist of bail circumstances, jail time, and plea deals. Judges interpret the laws, review evidence presented, and manage courtroom operations. Judges must remain impartial when making verdicts in the pursuit of justice. Judicial Ethics ToShow MoreRelatedDiscretion Of The Criminal Justice System1509 Words   |  7 PagesDiscretion, undoubtedly plays a massive role and is implemented in various aspects of the system. But what is discretion? Discretion, as defined in Canadian Criminal Justice: A Primer, is merely the freedom to choose among different options when confronted with the need to make a decision. As significant part of the criminal justice system in Canada, being a police officers â€Å"involves the use of a significant amount of discretion† (McKillop Pfeifer, 2004) . Due to the portrayal of the police byRead MoreDiscretion in the Criminal Justice System1898 Words   |  8 PagesDiscretion In The Criminal Justice System Discretion is the eminence of once behavior or the way of speaking in order to avoid any offensive occurrence or speaking up any private issues or information in public. It is the self-determination for someone to choose or think what should be better to be done in particular circumstances. Especially for a judge, a public official or other private party has the authority to make decisions on any legal matters or other big official subjects. Thus, a personRead MorePolice Discretion And Criminal Justice1274 Words   |  6 PagesPolice discretion is a unclear term that has an appropriately vague explanation. It is stated as the decision-making ability given to police officers that permits them to determine if they want to engage in police procedure or just let someone go with a word of warning. How it seems in drill is altered from situation to situation. Police discretion is a extremely essential aspect in acts relating criminal justice. There has been a daily predicament regarding the enforcement of the law. DiscretionRead MoreDiscretion Within The Criminal Justice Process1667 Words   |  7 PagesDiscretion in policing and the court system is a necessary and unavoidable facet of criminal justice work, yet it is still very controversial. Discretion exists when courtroom actors (police officers, attorneys, judges) have the flexibility to choose an appropriate response to a situation. Police discretion is defined as â€Å"The opportunity of law enforcement officers to exercise choice in their daily activities† (Nowacki, 2015). This means that actors with a great deal of discretion at their disposalRead MoreThe Police Discretion And Criminal Justice System Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesReforming the Police Discretion Criminal justice system has three main subsystems: police, courts and corrections. Each subsystem has its particular duties, but they work together to meet the goals: doing justice, controlling crime and preventing crime (Cole, Smith, DeJong, 2015). Although this system had been built for a long time ago, continuously, some of its policies need to be reconsidered and reformed to suit the society with various situations. One of the characteristics that exercisedRead MorePolice Discretion And The Criminal Justice System Essay2078 Words   |  9 Pages Police discretion is widely considered a vague term that has an appropriately vague definition. It is defined as the decision-making power afforded to police officers that allows these individuals to decide if they want to pursue police procedure or simply let someone off with a warning (Beckett, 2016). It is an important enforcement option in policing and plays a key role in our criminal justice system here in Canada. Examples of when discretion is used include: traffic violations, youth crimeRead MoreLegal - Discretion in the Legal System Essay1226 Words   |  5 PagesExplain the role of discretion in the criminal justice system. As a society we believe that offenders should be held accountable for their actions but also treated fairly in the criminal investigation, trial process and sentencing. As a result of this, the power of discretion, that is the ability to choose from a range of options, is granted to some authorities ensure some flexibility for decision making within the system, enabling a more holistic outcome for all parties involved. The issuesRead More Criminal Justice System Essay1123 Words   |  5 Pagesenforcement, namely enacting the law, police discretion, and assessment of criminal behavior. Different entities create and enact laws that are specific for the societies those laws represent. In the United States the criminal justice system is broken down into two models, the Consensus model and the Conflict model. The procedure of achieving justice is comprised on three basic levels: policing, justice, and corrections. The two models of criminal justice system are influenced by a plethora of factorsRead MoreThe Public Idea Of Discretion1220 Words   |  5 Pages(2011) describe the public idea of discretion as a very misunderstood aspect of police work, therefore making the public’s opinions of police operations negative in some circumstances. Abdullah and Wells (2011) also highlight Packers crime control model saying that â€Å"A crime control model places high value on efficiency in apprehending and punishing offenders† and â€Å"to operate efficiently the officers must act quickly†. A more concise definition of police discretion is viewed by many law enforcementRead MoreThe Four Goals Of The Criminal Justice System769 Words   |  4 PagesThe criminal justice system was put into place for several reasons. There are four main goals of the criminal justice system that all work together to improve and maintain justice in society. The criminal justice system aims to protect society by preventing future crimes from happening and by keeping criminals from committing more crimes. Another goal of this system is to appropriately punish those who commit a crime after it’s been determined that a crime was committed. In addition to punishment

Gender Is Essential Dependent On Norms And Behavioral...

Gender is often characterized by masculine and feminine behaviors. Socially, such characteristics can be accepted however, when these characteristics violate the societal norms, is often rejected (Mallon). To start off, an individual may characterize gender via internal feelings of whether he or she is a male, female, or neither. Gender is essential dependent on norms and behavioral expectations. Knowing these expectations and norms, an individual is essentially able to portray and adopt into the gender role they best identify as (Mallon). According to Schrock et al., â€Å"sociologists appear to be coming to terms with how people ‘embody gender,’ which refers not only to how people use or mold the body to signify gender but also to how such†¦show more content†¦In Schrock et al. study, it showed that transgender used their body as a â€Å"resource for constructing the gender category of woman† and â€Å"enable/ limit how they can be culturally perceive d.† Overall, the study’s analysis suggests that there is a symbolized method to gender, which understands the body as socially constructed, subjectively experienced, and physically material (Schrock et al). The National Center for Transgender Equality and the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force accounted the housing discrimination and instability for transgender in Pennsylvania. The survey respondents experienced blatant housing discrimination, as well as housing instability, much of which appears to stem from the challenges they face in employment (Task Force and Transgender Equality). These data suggested: 10% were evicted, 15% were denied a home/apartment, 11% had become homeless because of their gender identity/expression, 25% had to find temporary space to stay/sleep, 25% had to move back in with family or friends and 36% reported owning their home compared to 67% of the general U.S. population (Task Force and Transgender Equality). The survey on harassment and dis crimination at school was also done. Those who expressed transgender identity or gender non-conformity while in grades K-12 reported alarming rates of harassment (74%), physical assault (23%) and sexual violence (9%) (Task Force and

Genres Of Literature Free Essays

Genres of literature are important to learn about. The two main categories separating the different genres of literature are fiction and nonfiction. There are several genres of literature that fall under the nonfiction category. We will write a custom essay sample on Genres Of Literature or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nonfiction sits in direct opposition to fiction. Examples from both the fiction and nonfiction genres of literature are explained in detail below. This detailed genres of literature list is a great resource to share with any scholars. Types of Nonfiction: Narrative Nonfiction is information based on fact that is presented in a format which tells a story. Essays are a short literary composition that reflects the author’s outlook or point. A short literary composition on a particular theme or subject, usually in prose and generally analytic, speculative, or interpretative. A Biography is a written account of another person’s life. An Autobiography gives the history of a person’s life, written or told by that person. Often written in Narrative form of their person’s life. Speech is the faculty or power of speaking; oral communication; ability to express one’s thoughts and emotions by speech, sounds, and gesture. Generally delivered in the form of an address or discourse. Finally there is the general genre of Nonfiction. This is Informational text dealing with an actual, real-life subject. This genre of literature offers opinions or conjectures on facts and reality. This includes biographies, history, essays, speech, and narrative nonfiction. Nonfiction opposes fiction and is distinguished from those fiction genres of literature like poetry and drama which is the next section we will discuss. How to cite Genres Of Literature, Papers

Use of Social Media in a Crisis Situation

Question: Discuss about the Use of Social Media in a Crisis Situation. Answer: Social Media is nothing but the technologies mediated by computer, which permit the sharing and creation of details, career interests, ideas and other forms of expression over the networks as well as virtual communities (Freberg, Palenchar and Veil 2013). Apart from that, it mainly utilize the mobile technologies, desktop computers and web-based technologies for creating highly communicative platforms with the help of which organizations, communities and individuals can easily modify, discuss, co-create and share the pre-made content or user-generated content posted online (Middleton, Middleton and Modafferi 2014). In this regard, this study mainly aims to shed light of the use or the implication of the social media in the crisis situation occurred in the organizations. In this paper, the utilization of the social media tolls for communication and crisis management will be analyzed. On the other hand, this study also provides the analysis why the social media websites should be incor porated in the successful implementation of the business communication plan. Moreover, this study also evaluates and illustrates the utilization of Social Media in a negative and positive way in a crisis situation occurred in the business organizations. Social media can be defined as the collective channels of online communication where the users can perform content-sharing, interaction, input as well as collaboration based on community. Social Media has become the integral part of life online as applications proliferate and social websites (Castillo, Mendoza and Poblete 2013). According to Freberg et al.( 2013), the social media is mainly utilized to the market products, connect to the current customers, promote brands as well as foster new business. Social Media is playing crucial roles in all the aspects and situations of business. It can also play a huge role in order to manage crisis obtained within a business organization (Oh, Agrawal and Rao 2013). Crisis management can simply be demonstrated as the process with the help of which a company deals with an unexpected and a disruptive event that threatens for harming the company, the general public or its stakeholders (Denef, Bayerl and Kaptein 2013). According to the given scena rio, the assistant manager faced a critical situation while he came to know that a man has entered his premises with a weapon. In this situation, social media activity has helped the assistant manager to create awareness among the interns, employees as well as the higher authorities. Use of social media as a communication medium in a crisis situation While many people think about the benefits of utilizing the social media for businesses, they think of the benefits of marketing on an immediate basis. The potential of the social media can be a wonderful and an effective tool for the businesses while an emergency or crisis erupts (Stefanidis, Crooks and Radzikowski 2013). The crisis can incorporate anything starting from the outage of a simple website to the negative publicity.At present, the internet technology is utilizing for the real time communication and it is providing lots of facilities in the area of the speed and risk management through the effective way of communication. Thus, the emergence of the social media can become the communication medium in such a crisis situation (Brown and Billings 2013). On the other hand, the social media permits an individual to be the key influence in the community (Oh, Agrawal and Rao 2013). Social media is important for t he reputation the organizations as the small as well as large businesses have utilized several social networks for responding to their customers. If the twitter is considered as an example, then it can be stated that the communication over Twitter happen in 140 character updates (Freberg et al. 2013). However, these tweets are searchable very easily by Twitter itself, Google and many other available applications of twitter. Twitter permits to have information sharing on an immediate basis with a broad reach and feedback possibilities. The business operations or the businesses can be followed on Twitter by anyone such as the competitors, potential customers as well as the regular customers (Denef, Bayerl and Kaptein 2013). Thus, it is very crucial for the organizations that they monitor the mentions over twitter regarding their services, products and brands in terms of responding swiftly to any negative circumstances (Subba and Bui 2017). In addition, if the example of Facebook or Yo uTube is considered then it can be seen that it would be another outlet for social media for aiming on supply of outstanding customer response. Apart from that, YouTube is the most renowned search engine for video and undoubtedly it is the fastest and the best way for sending out a public announcement while an organization requires for making a statement regarding an ongoing situation (Wendling, Radisch and Jacobzone 2013). With respect to these facts, social me can be considered as an effective way of communicate in the online business operations. Communicating with all the stakeholders in a real time manner can be done with the help of the social media platform. This platform is easily available and every can use it for communication. The information sending or sending any warning over a very short time period can be efficiently done with the help of the social media platform. Inclusion of social media in Business Communication Plan Social media generally plays a crucial role in the business communication plan. In addition, the role or the effectiveness of the social media in the business communication is actually regarding the establishment of the conversation with the consumers as well as clients of a particular business enterprise (Reuter, Heger and Pipek 2013). Therefore, organizations are utilizing social media successfully for building traffic, finding employees, creating a well-known and positive brand as well as driving sales. On the other hand, the social media can be leveraged for creating the wonderful and amazing masterpieces of marketing (Wendling, Radisch and Jacobzone 2013). The reputed as well as the renowned organizations such as Dell, Skittles and other enterprises have utilized and incorporated successfully the social media in their business communication plan for enhancing their brand, sales and the community around their products (Neu baum et al. 2014). The social media websites such as LinkedIn, Twitters, Facebook, YouTube and other websites are considered by the organizations for implementing an effective business communication (Stefanidis, Crooks and Radzikowski 2013). LinkedIn plays a vital role in implementing business communication plan in terms of joining the groups where the prospects and the custor of the individuals are resided as well as recruiting the new hires (Reuter, Heger and Pipek 2013). LinkedIn also conducts the market research and ask for the reviews or the testimonials in terms of implementing business communication plan. On the other hand, as a social media website, Facebook provides a great exposure, potential marketing platform for free, facilitates online discussions for gaining valuable inputs (Maresh-Fuehrer and Smith 2016). Moreover, Facebook helps in being connected with consumers in regards to the proper implementation of the business communication plan. In addition, in case of Twitt er, it is utilized as the medium of the internal communication in a business organization. Twitter is also significant for customer feedback or customer outreach (Brengarth and Mujkic 2016). It also plays a significant role in order to enhance the visibility and branding. Moreover, Twitter is also advantageous to support other online presence in regards to the establishment of significant business communication plan (Middleton, Middleton and Modafferi 2014). Furthermore, as a social media websites, Google+ helps the businesses in understanding the own statistics of those businesses over the web (Oh, Agrawal and Rao 2013). It also helps in controlling messaging process within a business communication and it also helps to integrate very easily with the other platform. Pinterest is another social media website that can help the organizations in terms of building proper and effective business communication plan (Hagar 2013). This is because; it is utilized for finding the ideas for the interests or projects of the businesses and acts as the personalized media platform. Moreover users can also browse the contents of others on the main page with the help of this social media website (Thompson and Ahmed 2016). Furthermore, the video search engine or YouTube and social media site for video calling service that is Skype are also capable of implementing effective business communication plan by cutting the cost of the business calls, minimizing the travel costs of business and providing potential branding tool (Castillo, Mendoza and Poblete 2013). The use of the social media platform in the business communication has both the positive and negative impact over the whole business operations. Social media has impacted the way dramatically for worse or for better through which the business people generally make their business conversation and keep in touch with each other and the world at large (Freberg, Palenchar and Veil 2013). It has also provided the businesses the means for communicating more for worse or better and in often more effectively crisis situation. As per the positive effects of social media, the business people can utilize the social media websites in the crisis situations in numerous ways. Social media has been also utilized for spreading effectively the significant safety information at the time of crisis (Middleton, Middleton and Modafferi 2014). It has driven the conventional business by surprise. The cost of utilizing the social media is less than the other conventional media (Thompson and Ahmed 2016). The young generation is the highest population who uses the social media platform for communication and other activities available in the platform. Therefore, communicating with the young generation target market can be done. Beside this, the same fact is negative for communication with older people as iit has been found that the older people are less interested in the social media. They prefer the conventional media for gathering knowledge or business communication (Wendling, Radisch and Jacobzone 2013). The social media platform is also very effective for developing chain market. It is a common trend of pople to choose a organization depending on the suggestion given by a friend or relative. The presence of the organizations in the social media, helps to grow the market by using the WOM (word of mouth) in the social media platform (Castillo, Mendoza and Poblete 2013 ) Social media also has had few negative influences at the time of the crisis occurrence. As per the negative impacts of social media utilization in crisis situation, many business organizations do not see the need for a continuous update in the real time (Oh, Agrawal and Rao 2013). The organization that is using the social media platform should be very active in the social media. This platform is utilized for communicating with the common people or the target market. Answering the queries in the social media from the management end is very important in this strategy (Denef, Bayerl and Kaptein 2013). The social business posts generally intend to be useful and helpful or for announcing the safety of the clients or customers of the businesses. Instead of that, the businesses sometimes also can reveal information unintentionally, which can endanger the benefit or the success factors of the businesses (Thompson and Ahmed 2016). Social media can also be the reason of the sensation of the co mmunication crisis in businesses. After conducting the entire study, it can easily be stated based on the analysis of the given scenario that the social media can effectively be utilized as the communication medium in the crisis situation. The overall study has successfully established a significant fact that the emergence of the social media can become the appropriate and essential communication medium in any sort of crisis situation. On the other hand, while implementing an exclusive and a helpful business communication system, the social media should be effectively and positively incorporated in the planning for business communication. It can also be stated from the entire analysis made in this study that the social media can be beneficial for creating the wonderful and amazing masterpieces of marketing. Apart from that, this study has also successfully portrayed the fact that Social Media can be utilized in both the negative and positive way in a crisis situation. References Brengarth, L.B. and Mujkic, E., 2016. WEB 2.0: How social media applications leverage nonprofit responses during a wildfire crisis.Computers in Human Behavior,54, pp.589-596. Brown, N.A. and Billings, A.C., 2013. Sports fans as crisis communicators on social media websites.Public Relations Review,39(1), pp.74-81. Castillo, C., Mendoza, M. and Poblete, B., 2013. Predicting information credibility in time-sensitive social media.Internet Research,23(5), pp.560-588. Denef, S., Bayerl, P.S. and Kaptein, N.A., 2013, April. Social media and the police: tweeting practices of british police forces during the August 2011 riots. Inproceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems(pp. 3471-3480). ACM. Freberg, K., Palenchar, M.J. and Veil, S.R., 2013. Managing and sharing H1N1 crisis information using social media bookmarking services.Public Relations Review,39(3), pp.178-184. Freberg, K., Saling, K., Vidoloff, K.G. and Eosco, G., 2013. Using value modeling to evaluate social media messages: The case of Hurricane Irene.Public Relations Review,39(3), pp.185-192. Hagar, C., 2013. Crisis informatics: Perspectives of trustis social media a mixed blessing?.iSchool Student Research Journal,2(2), p.2. Maresh-Fuehrer, M.M. and Smith, R., 2016. Social media mapping innovations for crisis prevention, response, and evaluation.Computers in Human Behavior,54, pp.620-629. Middleton, S.E., Middleton, L. and Modafferi, S., 2014. Real-time crisis mapping of natural disasters using social media.IEEE Intelligent Systems,29(2), pp.9-17. Neubaum, G., Rsner, L., Rosenthal-von der Ptten, A.M. and Krmer, N.C., 2014. Psychosocial functions of social media usage in a disaster situation: A multi-methodological approach.Computers in Human Behavior,34, pp.28-38. Oh, O., Agrawal, M. and Rao, H.R., 2013. Community intelligence and social media services: A rumor theoretic analysis of tweets during social crises.Mis Quarterly,37(2), pp.407-426. Reuter, C., Heger, O. and Pipek, V., 2013. Combining real and virtual volunteers through social media.Proc. ISCRAM, pp.780-790. Stefanidis, A., Crooks, A. and Radzikowski, J., 2013. Harvesting ambient geospatial information from social media feeds.GeoJournal,78(2), pp.319-338. Subba, R. and Bui, T., 2017, January. Online Convergence Behavior, Social Media Communications and Crisis Response: An Empirical Study of the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Police Twitter Project. InProceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Thompson, S. and Ahmed, W., 2016. Twitter and crisis communication: an overview of tools for handling social media in real time.Impact of Social Sciences Blog. Wendling, C., Radisch, J. and Jacobzone, S., 2013. The use of social media in risk and crisis communication.

Nuclear Power Essays (877 words) - Nuclear Technology,

Nuclear Power Nuclear Power Most of the world's electricity is generated by either thermal or hydroelectric power plants. Thermal power plants use fuel to boil water which makes steam. The steam turns turbines that generate electricity. Hydroelectric power plants use the great force of rushing water from a dam or a waterfall to turn the turbines. The majority of thermal power plants burn fossil fuels because thermal power plants are cheaper to maintain and have to meet less of the governments requirements compared to nuclear power plants. Fossil fuels are coal and oil. The downfall of using fossil fuels is that they are limited. Fossil fuels are developed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. Burning fossil fuels has other downfalls, too. All the burning that is required to turn the turbines releases much sulfur, nitrogen gases, and other pollutants into the atmosphere. The cleanest, cheapest, and least polluting power plant of the two types is the hydroelectric power plant. The main reason most countries use thermal versus the hydroelectric is because their countries don't have enough concentrated water to create enough energy to generate electricity. (World Book vol. 14, 586) Nuclear power plants generate only about eleven percent of the world's electricity. There are around 316 nuclear power plants in the world that create 213,000 megawatts of electricity. (INFOPEDIA) Radioactive, or nuclear, waste is the by-product of nuclear fission. Fission occurs when atoms' nucleus' split and cause a nuclear reaction. (General Information) When a free neutron splits a nucleus, energy is released along with free neutrons, fission fragments that give off beta rays, and gamma rays. A free neutron from the nucleus that just split splits another nucleus. This process continues on and is called a chain reaction. (World Book vol. 14, 588) The fission process is used to create heat, which boils water inside the nuclear reactor. The steam that boiling the water makes is used to turn turbines, which in turn, generate electricity. Fission happens inside a carefully monitored nuclear reactor, when being used in a nuclear power plant. The fission process that nuclear power plants use spends approximately 30,000 tons of highly radioactive waste a year. (General Information) In a nuclear power plant, Uranium is used as fuel to boil the water for the steam that makes the turbines turn. So, uranium is, in a sense, the coal of a coal-fired power plant. When fueling nuclear power plants, the uranium arrives as uranium-enriched pellets. These pellets are an equivalent to one ton of coal. The pellets are sealed in tubes that are made of a strong heat- and corrosion-resistant metal alloy. This metal alloy will protect people and the environment from the high levels of radiation that the uranium is giving off. The tubes are bundled together to make a fuel assembly. The assemblies are put inside the reactor to create heat that will boil the water. The fuel assemblies are used until they are depleted. A fuel assembly is depleted when it no longer givman, 15) A repository is a storage facility that stores high-level nuclear waste deep underground so the waste can not harm or effect people or the environment. (DOE's Yucca Mountain Studies) With the technology that we [humankind] have toady. Scientists believe it to be possible to make a repository somewhere. The guidelines of a repository are mainly if the geologic location will work out (i.e. will an earthquake be able to rupture it, will water be able to corrode the repositories outer wall.). To make sure that the repository would be able to stay unscathed for thousands of years, scientists in all areas of science are making predictions of what could happen over the time period. According to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards, a repository may pose no greater threat than unmined uranium from which the high-level waste was produced. (General Information) The repository the DOE is wanting to make has to be proven that it will still be isolated underground in 10,000. After this extensive time, the high-level waste should no longer be radioactive enough to harm the public health. (General Information) A rem is a unit scientist use to measure radiation exposure. Over a persons lifetime, they usually receive 7-14 rems of natural sources of radiation, such as cosmic rays and ultraviolet rays from the sun. On a single exposure of 5-75 rems, there are few to no noticeable symptoms. For someone to receive 75-200 rems of exposure, vomiting, fatigue, and loss of appetite would occur. Recovery would take a few weeks. If someone were to be exposed to more than 300 rems, severe changes in blood cells

Scale Insects and Mealybugs, Superfamily Coccoidea

Scale Insects and Mealybugs, Superfamily Coccoidea Scale insects and mealybugs are significant pests of many ornamental plants and orchard trees, and cost these industries millions of dollars each year. Many other insects and larger predators eat these tiny insects, so they do serve a purpose. Some scale insects cause the formation of galls. Learn the habits and traits of these interesting true bugs, which belong to the superfamily Coccoidea. What Do Scale Insects Look Like? Scale insects often go unnoticed, although they live on many common landscape and garden plants. Theyre small insects, usually just a few millimeters long. They tend to position themselves on the undersides of leaves or other plant parts, where they arent exposed to the elements. Scale insects are sexually dimorphic, meaning males and females  look entirely different from one another.   Adult females are usually somewhat round in shape, lack wings, and often lack legs as well. Males are winged, and look somewhat like winged aphids or small gnats. To identify scale insects, its often necessary to identify the host plant. Although largely considered pests, scale insects have been used in some surprisingly beneficial ways throughout history. The red pigment found in cactus-feeding cochineal scales is used to make a natural red dye for food, cosmetics, and textiles. Shellac is made from the secretions from coccids called lac scales. Scale insects and their waxy secretions have also been used in various cultures for making candles, for jewelry, and even for chewing gum. How Are Scale Insects Classified? Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass - InsectaOrder - HemipteraSuperfamily – Coccoidea There is still some disagreement on how scale insects should be classified and how the group should be organized.   Some authors rank the scale insects as a suborder rather than a superfamily. Family level classification is still very much in flux. Some taxonomists subdivide the scale insects into just 22 families, while others use as many as 45. Scale Insect Families of Interest: Margarodidae - giant coccids, ground pearlsOrtheziidae - ensign coccidsPseudococcidae - mealybugsEriococcidae - felt scalesDactylopiidae - cochineal insectsKermesidae - gall-like coccidsAclerdidae - grass scalesAsterolecaniidae - pit scalesLecanodiaspididae - false pit scalesCoccidae - soft scales, wax scales, and tortoise scalesKerriidae - lac scalesDiaspididae - armored scales What Do Scale Insects Eat? Scale insects feed on plants, using piercing mouthparts to suck the juices from their host plant. Most scale insect species are specialist feeders, requiring a particular plant or group of plants to meet their nutritional needs. The Life Cycle of Scale Insects Its difficult to generalize a description of the scale insect life cycle. Development varies greatly between scale insect families and species, and is even different for males and females of the same species. Within the Coccoidea, there are species that reproduce sexually, species that are parthenogenetic, and even some that are hermaphroditic. Most scale insects produce eggs, and the female often guards them while they develop. Scale insect nymphs, particular in the first instar, are typically mobile and are referred to as crawlers. The nymphs disperse, and eventually settle on the host plant to begin feeding. Adult females are usually immobile and remain in one location for their entire lifespan. How Scale Insects Defend Themselves Scale insects produce a waxy secretion that forms a cover (called a test) over their bodies. This coating can vary greatly from species to species. In some scale insects, the test looks like a powdery substance, while others produce long strands of wax. The test is often cryptic, helping the scale insect blend in with the host plant. This waxy coat performs several functions for the scale insect. It helps insulate it from temperature fluctuations, and also maintains the proper humidity around the insects body. The test also camouflages the scale insect from potential predators and parasitoids. Scale insects and mealybugs also excrete honeydew, a sugary liquid waste that is a by-product of eating plant sap. This sweet substance attracts ants. Honeydew-loving ants will sometimes protect the scale insects from predators to ensure their supply of sugar remains intact. Where Do Scale Insects Live? The superfamily Coccoidea is quite large, with more than 7,500 species known throughout the world. Roughly 1,100 species inhabit the U.S. and Canada. Sources: Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson.Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2nd edition, edited by John L. Capinera.Superfamily Coccoidea – Scales and Mealybugs, Bugguide.net. Accessed online February 9, 2016.Systematic Studies of Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea), by Nathaniel B. Hardy, University of California Davis, 2008.Scale Management Guidelines – UC IPM, University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program. Accessed online February 9, 2016.ScaleNet: Scale Insects (Coccoidea) Database, USDA Agricultural Research Service. Accessed online February 9, 2016.Coccoidea, Tree of Life Web. Accessed online February 9, 2016.

Economic Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic Analysis - Essay Example There is an elastic demand for the industry products and services. Perfect elastic demand means that the responsiveness of the consumers towards a price change is high than the price changed. With the reduction in call rates and message rates, Celcom will register an increase in the number of consumers using this service. The elasticity of demand in Celcom Company will increase the demand of the company products services and products as compared to the other services and products offered in the telecommunication industry. The introduction of a new telecommunication service provider known as the U-mobile in the country has increased the number of close substitutes when it comes to provision of telecommunication products and services. The availability of the close substitutes has led to a greater elasticity of demand (Armstrong and Kotler 2010). The elasticity of demand in the Malaysian telecommunication industry has led to the adoption of price penetration strategy. The products of Celcom are highly differentiated from those of its competitors. That is, its products are highly customized to meet the customer demands. As part of its product differentiation, Celcom has reduced the cost per message from 50 cents to 25 cents and the cost of a call from 35 cents to 20 cents per minute. This has been done to fully differentiate its services from those of its potential competitors. Celcom has also differentiated its broadband network in a way which keeps up with the current technology in Malaysia. The broadband network has been differentiated in a way which makes it the fastest network in Malaysia compared to the networks provided by its competitors (Armstrong and Kotler 2010). Its network has been updated with the current technological advancements. The company also intends on launching a new differentiated product from those of its competitors. The U-verse will allow customers to pay their bills using the phone, book online hotel

What does organizing mean Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What does organizing mean - Case Study Example The focus is on division, coordination, and control of tasks and the flow of information within the organization" (Erven 1994). Organizing allows the company to manage its resources and introduce effective management practices. Organizing function of management has a great impact on HRM (human resources management) and employee relations. Training is one of the tools used by Body Shop to improve skills and knowledge of employees. Body Shop proposes its employees eternal short courses, and further professional study in order to meet changing conditions and technological innovations. It motivates employees to pursue further education which helps employees to identify their career opportunities and goals. This training and learning is aimed at providing a blend of technical competence, social and human skills, and conceptual ability. This form of training is time and cost consuming. Following Hetman (1992), "managers must foster a culture of change in their departments. They must develop an environment in which workers expect but can cope with frequent and gradual changes in the way things get done and what is expected" (70). Body Shop organize its activities in order create a positive climate and corporate cu lture. Organizing function of management deals with delegation of authority and division of labor. In considering the limits of authority, an obvious limitation is that action conforms with the policies and programs of the company. In many cases, specific limitations are made (e.g. not to take on more staff without the approval of a superior). The reason why a subordinate accepts a superior's decision has been considered by many authorities. One line of thought is that there is an 'area of acceptance' wherein the subordinate is willing to accept the superior's instructions. In Body Shop, the main purpose of delegation is organize labor and introduce effective HR management. One employee cannot exercise all authority in making decisions as the company grows (Foss and Pedersen 2004). There is a limit to the number of persons that a manager can personally supervise. After this limit, the manager delegates authority to subordinates to make decisions. The work is delegated and the superior holds the subordinate accountable. The subordinate is responsible for doing the job; it is the superior's responsibility to see the job is done. "Delegation frees the manager from the tyranny of urgency. Delegation frees the manager to use his or her time on high priority activities" (Erven 1994). In Body Shop, it is upon this discretionary content that people feel the weight of responsibility and this is deemed measurable by finding the maximum period during which a person is relied upon to use his own judgment. The term 'time-span of discretion' therefore refers to the longest period that can pass before a superior makes an effective check on a person's work. Body Shop uses centralization and departmentalization of activities in order to provide effective management of HR. Body Shop groups in each organizational unit activities having a common purpose: sales department, accounting department, HR department, etc. The whole process is controlled by the problems that present themselves and the way the persons involved react to those problems, their value systems and their skills (Foss and Pedersen 2004). Because the concrete problems cannot be anticipated in any detail, and because they would in any event not present

Effects of Stigma on Schizophrenia Patients

Effects of Stigma on Schizophrenia Patients Stigma and empathy subjected to schizophrenic patients with different levels of symptoms The stigma of mental instability is entrenched as an issue in the society, especially when it refers to schizophrenia, which stands out amongst the most very derided mental issue, not just on the grounds of the conceivably unending and incapacitating course of the ailment but likewise because of an assortment of negative generalizations connected with its analysis. Stigmatization refers to a socially constructed label which includes issues of awareness (obliviousness or misleading information), demeanor (bias), and conduct (discrimination). Populace reviews demonstrate that in spite of expanded attention to the characteristics of schizophrenia and despite the numerous deliberations to lessening stigma, criticizing mentality are still pervasive among the overall population, understudies, specialists, and even administration clients themselves whereby issue conditions are ranged including beliefs of violent and chaotic conduct, and a powerlessness to maintain business or take up respon sibilities. Being perceived as a matter of extraordinary significance, stigma, may slant persons in the overall population to look for social separation from those with schizophrenia. The harmful results of stigma may be significantly more extreme than the troubles emerging from the symptoms of the sickness itself. Moreover, stigma is linked to symptom severity which is the seriousness of deductive changes in physical, psychological, and social performance. Ertugrul and UlugËËÅ"(2004) carried out research which concluded among 60schizophrenia patients, that victims of stigmatization had undergone more severe symptoms and were significantly more disabled than the patients who were not stigmatized. Studies utilizing different strategies propose that stigma may be interfaced to more serious psychopathological symptoms and more awful psychosocial working. Rabkin’s research in 1974, informs that open state of mind towards individuals named rationally sick are influenced by qualities of the treatment circumstance, for example, e. g. site, system or recurrence. More incessant contacts with the mental health awareness framework and more meddlesome routines for treatment typically evoke more negative societal disposition. Henceforth, more elevated amounts of demonization were noted in patien ts right now under doctors supervision and in the individuals who had more past hospitalizations (particularly those with more successive automatic affirmations). Patients with more serious medication reactions were likely to face more stigmatization. Besides, patients with a prior disease onset and those with a more drawn out span of disease may be naturally anticipated that will have been more presented to social dismissal. To enhance mentality towards this criticized schizophrenia group, stereotype-conflicting data and intergroup contact are not enough. This is the place empathy appears to merit more consideration than it has gotten currently. Inducing empathy for a part of a trashed gathering prompts more positive sentiments and consideration toward the gathering. As an issue demonstrated in books, films and documentaries, it is generally simple to impel empathy for a part of a slandered gathering requiring little to no effort and satisfactory circumstance. One can be led to feel empathy for the group simply by sitting comfortably at home. Compassion actuating encounters can be controlled to guarantee that they are certain much more promptly than can live, face-to-face, immediate contact. Empathy might straightforwardly address the focal feeling and assessment parts of the disposition as opposed to depending on surmising from information. empathy has been found to expand esteeming the welfare of the i ndividual for whom compassion is felt and, moreover, this esteeming has been found to persevere through much after the need and resultant empathic sentiments are gone (Batson, Turk, Shaw, Klein, 1995). Moreover, this expanded esteeming sums up to the gathering of which the individual is a part, it may prompt more uplifting disposition. A study by Batson et al. (1991), aimed to investigate how empathy might improve attitudes towards a stigmatized group. However, it had limitations as empathy was restricted to a certain individual and not to the stigmatized group as a whole and within the stigmatized group were found many subgroups such as homosexuals, women, drug addicts, children. Feeling empathy for the children might only be beneficial to that particular subgroup but not to the group as a whole. Moreover, victim responsibility comes into play where the member of the stigmatized group is responsible for his own condition. One may likewise create an opposing reaction to separation from the defamed gathering bringing about diminished empathic emotions and even disparagement or faulting the victimized person. Furthermore, Dinos et al. (2004) reveal that 1 among 3 patients having schizophrenia suffer from anxiety disorder as a result of being stigmatized. Evidence has also proven that schizophrenia stigma leads to a h igher possibility of alcohol and drug intake. Original work by Goffman (1963) and Scheff (1966) slandering process that may take after from being recognized as having a dysfunctional behavior, and various exploration studies have endeavored to exhibit the unfavorable impacts of maladjustment marking. Nunnally (1961), investigated sample of the population by self-reports asking their point of view on mental illness. Cohen and Struening (1962); Taylor and Dear (1981); Yankelovich (1990); Beldon and Russonello (1996) carried a more precise research presenting particular articulations about emotional instability also asked respondents where they remained regarding those announcements. These studies uncovered strikingly negative state of mind to emotional sickness. However, recent studies such as the Parade Magazine survey (1993) demonstrated more positive attitudes where schizophrenic patients were being cared for (Whatley, Philips, Neff and Husaini, Purvis et al., Riskind and Wahl). An germeyer, Matschinger and Corrigans research (2004) has shown that, with developing commonality, the propensity towards considering the ill individual to be unsafe and eccentric was diminishing, and individuals had less fear and social separation was wanted less as often as possible. Different studies by Anagnostopoulos Hantzi (2011), Couture Penn (2003), Phelan Link (2004) have likewise exhibited positive connections between past contact and inspirational demeanor, less fancied social separation and a lessening in stereotypes. This research is being carried out to test the hypotheses formulated. Therefore, taking the previous findings into consideration, it is noticeable that empathy is directly linked to stigma. The expected results are that:as empathy increases, stigma decreases and when stigma levels are high, schizophrenic patients are subjected to a very low level of empathy. Furthermore, a second hypothesis formulated is that as symptoms of the disease become more severe, more stigma is attached to the ill individual as compared to an individual with mild symptoms, which is subjected to much less stigma. The importance of this research is to reduce stigma among schizophrenic patients for them to be more effectively cured, without their treatment being hindered by stereotypes of the society. Reference List: Wahl, O. F. (1999). Mental Health Consumers Experience of Stigma. Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 25, No. 3. Retrieved from  http://schizophreniabulletin. oxfordjournals. org. ezproxy. mdx. ac. uk/content/25/3/467. full. pdf+html Zelst, C. (2009). Stigmatization as an Environmental Risk in Schizophrenia: A User Perspective. Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 293–296. Retrieved from http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC2659317/?tool=pmcentrez Sibitz, I., Unger, A., Woppmann, A., Zidek, T., Amering, M. (2011). Stigma Resistance in Patients With Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 316–323. Retrieved from http://schizophreniabulletin. oxfordjournals. org/content/37/2/316. full. pdf+html Karidi, M. V., Stefanis, C. N., Theleritis, C., Tzedaki, M., Rabavilas, A. D., Stefanis, N. C. (2010). Perceived social stigma, self-concept, and self-stigmatization of patient  with schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 51, 19-30. Retrieved from http://www. sciencedirect. com. ezproxy. mdx. ac. uk/science/article/pii/S0010440X09000029 Benov, E. et al. (2013). Stigma of Schizophrenia: Assessing Attitudes among European University Students. Journal of european psychology students, 40-48. Retrieved from http://jeps. efpsa. org/article/view/jeps. bj Switaj, P., Wcià ³rka, J., Smolarska-S witaj, J., Grygiel, P. (2009) Extent and predictors of stigma experienced by patients with schizophrenia. European Psychiatry, 24, 513–520. Retrieved from  http://www. sciencedirect. com. ezproxy. mdx. ac. uk/science/article/pii/S0924933809001230 Thornicroft, G., Brohan, E., Diana, R., Sartorius, N., Leese, M. (2009). Global pattern of experienced and anticipated discrimination against people with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional survey. Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UK. Retrieved from http://www. serpsy. org/actua_09/Lancet_2009_global-pattern-experience. pdf Lysaker, P. H., Davis, L. W., Warman, D. M., Strasburger, A., Beattie, N. (2007). Stigma, social function and symptoms in schizophrenia and  schizoaffective disorder: Associations across 6 months. Psychiatry Research, 149, 89–95. Retrieved from http://www. sciencedirect. com. ezproxy. mdx. ac. uk/science/article/pii/S0165178106000795 Ando, S., Clement, S., Barley, E. A., Thornicroft, G. (2011). The simulation of hallucinations to reduce the stigma of schizophrenia:A systematic review. Schizophrenia Research, 133, 8–16. Retrieved from http://rt5vx6na7p. search. serialssolutions. com/?ctx_ver=Z39. 88-2004ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8rfr_id=info:sid/summon. serialssolutions. comrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalrft. genre=articlerft. atitle=The+simulation+of+hallucinations+to+reduce+the+stigma+of+schizophrenia%3A+A+systematic+reviewrft. jtitle=Schizophrenia+Researchrft. au=Ando%2C+Shuntarorft. au=Clement%2C+Sarahrft. au=Barley%2C+Elizabeth+Alexandrarft. au=Thornicroft%2C+Grahamrft. date=2011-12-01rft. pub=Elsevier+B. Vrft. issn=0920-9964rft. eissn=1573-2509rft. volume=133rft. issue=1-3rft. spage=8rft. externalDBID=n%2Farft. externalDocID=273483289paramdict=en-US Hill, K., Startup, M. (2013). The relationship between internalized stigma, negative symptoms and social functioning in schizophrenia: The mediating role of self-efficacy. Psychiatry Research, 206, 151–157. Retrieved from http://rt5vx6na7p. search. serialssolutions. com/?ctx_ver=Z39. 88-2004ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8rfr_id=info:sid/summon. serialssolutions. comrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalrft. genre=articlerft. atitle=The+relationship+between+internalized+stigma%2C+negative+symptoms+and+social+functioning+in+schizophrenia%3A+The+mediating+role+of+self-efficacyrft. jtitle=Psychiatry+Researchrft. au=Hill%2C+Kimberleyrft. au=Startup%2C+Mikerft. date=2013-04-30rft. pub=Elsevier+B. Vrft. issn=0165-1781rft. eissn=1872-7123rft. volume=206rft. issue=2-3rft. spage=151rft. externalDBID=n%2Farft. externalDocID=340105116paramdict=en-US Lv, Y., Wolf, A., Wang, X. (2013). Experienced stigma and self-stigma in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. General Hospital Psychiatry, 35, 83–88. Retrieved from http://rt5vx6na7p. search. serialssolutions. com/?ctx_ver=Z39. 88-2004ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8rfr_id=info:sid/summon. serialssolutions. comrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalrft. genre=articlerft. atitle=Experienced+stigma+and+self-stigma+in+Chinese+patients+with+schizophreniarft. jtitle=General+hospital+psychiatryrft. au=Lv%2C+Yingrft. au=Wolf%2C+Achimrft. au=Wang%2C+Xiaopingrft. date=2013-01-01rft. eissn=1873-7714rft. volume=35rft. issue=1rft. spage=83rft_id=info:pmid/22925273rft. externalDocID=22925273paramdict=en-US Batson et al. (1997). Empathy and Attitudes : Can feeling for a member of a stigmatized group improve feelings towards the group? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 72, No. 1, 105-118. Retrieved from http://rt5vx6na7p. search. serialssolutions. com/?ctx_ver=Z39. 88-2004ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8rfr_id=info:sid/summon. serialssolutions. comrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalrft. genre=articlerft. atitle=Empathy+and+attitudes%3A+Can+feeling+for+a+member+of+a+stigmatized+group+improve+feelings+toward+the+group%3Frft. jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+and+Social+Psychologyrft. au=Batson%2C+C. +Danielrft. au=Polycarpou%2C+Marina+Prft. au=Harmon-Jones%2C+Eddierft. au=Imhoff%2C+Heidi+Jrft. date=1997rft. issn=0022-3514rft. eissn=1939-1315rft. volume=72rft. issue=1rft. spage=105rft. epage=118rft. externalDBID=n%2Farft. externalDocID=10_1037__0022_3514_72_1_105paramdict=en-US

Business continuity Essay

Just in time concept is a lean operation concept applied in supply chain management where an enterprise strives to produce only what is needed, whenever it is needed and in the amount that is needed. It allows for efficient production of quality products through complete waste elimination, avoidance of inconsistencies and also elimination of non-value addition activities within the production line. (Lieb & Miller 1988) According to (Stank & Crum 1997) the wastes that are eliminated are related to labour, where over staffing is a waste, time, in this case idle time or use of extra time to accomplish a goal is considered waste. Just in time concept emphasizes on customer requests and avoids making decisions based on forecast. In this concept, inventory is considered as an additional cost to the process. Traditionally, it would be considered to be value adding in the system. In this case, businesses and organisations are advised to eliminate any form of inventory that does not impact any additional value to the product. The just in time concept has various benefits to a business firm or enterprise. The benefits include an improvement in the flow of goods into, within and from the warehouse. There is also better planning and consistency in the organisation. Manpower can be reduced when production process has stopped mainly due to planned shut downs for maintenance, stocktaking activities, or any other reason (Stank & Crum 1997). This helps the enterprise to save on cost related to labour and other production overheads. When an organisation adopts the JIT concept and implements it, it helps in the production of better quality products and also increases the efficiency of production. All the aforementioned benefits are customer oriented. We therefore realise from the benefits customer satisfaction is enhanced. This in turn has an impact on customer loyalty and improved sales by the organisation. The net effect of this is improved profits by the organisation (Swamidass 2000). Despite having all the above benefits, the outcome of the terror attacks on September 11 has cast a lot of doubt on the just in time (JIT) concept deliveries in the supply chain. In a supply chain, each organisation along the chain depends upon a supplier and therefore in case of a hitch along the chain, the repercussions are felt along the whole chain. Before the September 11 attack the â€Å"JIT† was comfortably applicable and implemented to various businesses. Until this time, overstocking was avoided and components were delivered to the right place at the right time and in the right form with no hitch. Piling of inventory was avoided and production processes proceeded smoothly. However, the events of September 11 reversed all these, there were delays caused by grounding of aircrafts and also a longer time was required for border inspections. Transport on land was also highly affected. As an example, due to these interruptions, commodities destined for the Gap, Banana republic and the old navy stores ended up to a warehouse next to an airport. The business environment, both external and internal will always be fluctuating. External environment like the impact from natural calamities e. g. hurricanes, snow, storms, floods, earthquakes and internal environments like strikes, affect business operations. Therefore, for an organisation with a JIT system, in case of any fluctuation in the business environment, the supply chain will be disrupted and therefore flow of products downstream will not be realized (McClenahen & Jusko 2001). For a sudden change in the business environment, the shocks will be felt throughout the supply chain. There will be a gap that will be created along the chain at the point where the fluctuation is highly felt. It is a noble idea for businesses to consider having some safety stock on hand at each link of supply chain, which will take care of the emergencies in case of any eventuality. Since a supply chain consists of a network/series of suppliers and consumers, a hitch on one supplier side will affect the consumer who is also a supplier to the next consumer. Therefore in a business that has adopted the JIT system, it might end up being grounded because of lack of inventory to process or sell to the next stage of the chains. It is therefore highly recommended for such businesses to develop a Just in case system, a system that allows for a safety supplies that will take care of any eventualities. Even though the JIT system has a number of shortcomings in case of shocks within the supply chain, it is important to note that organisations can still implement JIT and maintain an attractive supply chain with lean inventories even during emergencies. To achieve this, one of the moves that a firm can make is locate where there is stock piling of inventories (Lu & Kyokai 1989). Firms can have most of its inventories stocked next to or near their locations. This will help overcome the problems due to shipment or air transport in case these modes of transport are affected. A firm can also consider having more than one supplier for a given commodity, this will be a second option during emergency situations. For an organisation to succeed in its implementation of the JIT system, major changes within the organisation need to be undertaken. The top management need to show commitment and offer full support. They are also required to lead from the front if the benefits of the JIT system are to be realised. The adoption and implementation of the JIT system will substantially affect the mode and criteria through which carriers and other logistics services providers will be recruited by the organisation. Organisations should be able to come up with service providers who are very efficient so as to pass on the efficiency downstream the supply chain. The just in time concept is highly dependent on the speed and efficiency with which products are moving at along the chain. It is therefore worthy to mention that the JIT system will highly affect the style of operations in the logistics industry. The number of logistics service providers to be recruited will also be determined by the success of the JIT system. According to (Ian 1988), constant and effective communication between business firms and their suppliers is another important factor that will affect the future of JIT in the global business environment. The quality of information that will be conveyed should also be put into consideration. The right information should be conveyed to the right place, at the right time and to the right person. A successful implementation of the JIT system in the future will highly depend on additional training of the implementing personnel (Abuhilal, Rabadi, & Sousa-Poza 2006). A lot of emphasise should be on the training of the personnel that are directly involved in the implementation of the JIT concept. This should not be taken to mean that other employees in the organisation should not be trained. An elaborate training plan on this system should be unveiled and the concerned departments or functions for example, production, logistics, marketing should be given intense training. The major areas to be considered should include: policies on JIT system, communication skills and training on commitment to the principles of JIT. The future of the just in time (JIT) system in the global environment will highly depend on the level of technology that will be embraced by an organisation. This includes both in machinery and other office operations. Adoption of improved technology for material handling is a key area that firms need to look at. They should consider embracing cross docking or flowing inventory through a distribution centre. With an improved material handling facility, the businesses can absorb shocks easily in the event that there is disruption in the supply chain (Kreng & Wang 2005) The use of information technology is in inventory management is particularly crucial if the growth and success of the JIT system is to be guaranteed. Business organisations should utilise information technology resources both in hardware and software so as to enhance the success of the JIT system. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) modules should be adopted for inventory management and controls within the organisation. Internet resources should be highly utilised for an effective JIT system. The most applicable resources include e-procurement, e- marketing. e-banking and e-mailing. When an organisation conducts procurement via internet, a variety of goods both in terms of quality and quantity may be obtained. The business deal is also conducted in an accelerated speed. Marketing via the internet allows for the organisation to reach many customers within a very short time and hence improve on the organisation’s sales. Internet banking allows for faster business transactions hence delays associated with payments are reduced and therefore the supply chain is protected from such delays (Hale 1997). To ensure that the intended results of the JIT concept are achieved, it is important for firms doing business together along a given supply chain be proactive in their operations. By being proactive, it means that a consumer should be involved directly in what their supplier is producing. The consumers should be involved in product design so as to have a product of their own making. On the hand it is very important for the suppliers to follow up and find out how their products are serving the customers. This will help in the elimination of ripples along the chain and hence easy implementation of the JIT system. The players in the supply chain should develop a culture of sharing problems when they occur at a particular point of the supply chain, this in a nutshell will reduce the overall effect that the problem would have on the entire supply chain (Titone 1996). The just in case system is another approach that will have an impact on the future of JIT system in the global environment. It is very important for firms to have a buffer stock that can bail it out when events in the supply chain don’t seem to be favourable. The idea of having safety stocks for emergency times should not be confused by firms holding inventories. It is a different concept from overstocking.

Fundraising Presentation

Fundraising Presentation, Gyumri April 15 –April 16, 2013 I. The Basics of Fundraising a. What is fundraising? i. Raising money for a cause or project ii. Includes building a prospect pool, asking for money or in-kind donations, meeting donor expectations, clearly defining needs and resources, thanking the donors (stewardship), events, public relations, and monitoring and evaluation iii. Most important aspect: relationships, which can take time to develop b. Why is funding diversity important? iv. Chair example: If a chair only has one leg, it is unstable and will fall over.The more legs a chair has, the more stable it becomes. Same for an organization, if an organization has a sole funder, their success is determinant upon the stability of that relationship and continued funding. The more funders an organization has, the more stable they are. If one funder pulls their support, the organization does not collapse. c. Think about your organization for which you are fundraising ( hand out index cards for everyone to write their answers) v. What is their mission? vi. What is their vision? vii. Why do they exist? viii. What would happen if this organization didn’t exist? x. Why are you here? x. Can everyone from your organization, your community, your beneficiaries, your donors, etc clearly define the mission of the organization and is it basically the same? xi. Is the financial support you have received in the past and are looking to secure in the future in line with your mission? xii. Look at yourselves as a public benefit organization d. Presentation of the Organization xiii. Are you all working towards the same mission? xiv. â€Å"Elevator Pitch† 1. Clear and concise description of your organization, its work, and its value 2.Thirty seconds to two minutes (one of the most important interactions with your donor) 3. All staff, volunteers, and those associated with your organization should have a pitch 4. Give Peace Corps example 5. Homework for second day xv. Needs of the NGO 6. Needs include money, resources, materials, trainings, etc. 7. Can you tell me today what your specific needs are and how much those needs would cost? (Financial/ Resources Needs Assessment) xvi. Public Relations 8. Website, Newsletters, Email Updates, Facebook page 9.All of your social media and newsletters should be consistent with each other, updated at the same time with comparable information 10. We’ll go into more details about Public relations shortly e. Donor Expectations xvii. If you were to give money to an organization, what would you want in return? 11. Elevator Pitch 12. Clearly defined mission and vision 13. Reasons why they should invest in your NGO/project 14. Projects, ideas, and plans for which you need financial support 15. Overview of successful projects you have done in the past 16.Reports 17. Good reputation in the community and with beneficiaries 18. Communication, Honesty, Transparency 19. Commitment and cohesiveness of the staff 20. What exactly you are going to do with their money f. Donor Relations and Stewardship xviii. Updates to donor xix. How are you thanking them? xx. How are you recognizing their donation? xxi. Will they give again? xxii. Will go into more details about this shortly II. Identifying and Working with Donors g. Donor Prospect Pool xxiii. Who might want to give to this organization? brainstorm a list) 21. Parishioners of the church 22. World Vision, Caritas, other NGO’s in the community with resources to give 23. Family and friends 24. Local community members (why is what you’re doing important to them? , Who will feel moved by the work you are doing? ) 25. Diaspora 26. Corporations – VivaCell, Orange Foundation, Coca Cola 27. Realities of fundraising in Armenia a. Grants- majority are international b. Corporate Giving/ Corporate Social Responsibility- new concept here in Armenia c.Government funding- In 2011, the state provided NGO’s with $8 mil lion, mostly to sports federations and state-funded or state-operated organizations on a noncompetitive basis d. Individual donations e. Community Support f. Diaspora g. Funding Diversity h. Projects being donor driven not mission driven i. Overhead costs xxiv. Who do you know? xxv. Relationships are the key to building your prospect pool xxvi. Invite potential prospects to visit your organization, build the relationship before you ask them for something h. What makes a person or organization donate? xvii. If you meet with an organization, how do you expect them to present themselves to you? 28. Clear, concise, honest overview 29. Well thought out, able to easily identify the mission, vision, and beneficiaries to be served 30. Overview of successful projects, current projects, and future plans 31. Overview of specific needs of the NGO xxviii. Do you believe in the mission and vision? 32. A donor has to believe in the mission or vision, or you have to help them believe, give them rea sons to care. xxix. How do they have to use your money and what do you want in return from them? 33.Communication, honesty, transparent used exactly as they say it will be used for effective projects xxx. What will make you give again? 34. communication, success, beneficiary satisfaction, reporting, relationship with the organization, recognition of the organization, name in the community/associated with the project xxxi. What kind of relationship do you expect from the NGO? 35. strong leadership, honesty, communication, want to feel proud of the work they are doing and the reputation they have in the community, understanding of strategic goals, I want to see the organization has taken the time to define themselves III.Fundraising Plan i. Should be written on an annual basis j. Who is going to write the plan? xxxii. Should have a lead who collaborates with your Director, key stakeholders, and the board k. Start with your fundraising goal (how much money do you need? ) xxxiii. This f undraising goal amount should be based on the needs of the organization xxxiv. How much money needs to be raised/ resources secured in order to carry out the activities which your organization wants to carry out over the next year? l. The mission/ message (Why do you need the money? xxxv. What do you plan to do with the money you raise? xxxvi. Line by line- what are you using your budget for? m. The Tactics (How are you going to raise this money? ) xxxvii. Figure out how you are going to raise different amounts of money over the course of the next year and where that money is going to go. xxxviii. Identify different tactics 36. Individual Giving 37. Major Donor Groups- talking with larger corporations 38. Events 39. Online giving 40. Participatory Fundraising 41. Grants 42. Corporate Giving Programs n. The Timeline xxix. Create the timeline to include dates for all events and fundraising goals throughout the year IV. Donor Relations and Stewardship (managing the gift, thanking and k eeping the donor engaged) o. The comprehensive effort of any nonprofit that seeks philanthropic support to ensure that donors experience high-quality interactions with the organization that foster long-term engagement and investment. This effort is commonly thought to have four elements. xl. Gift acceptance and management 43. Your organizations policies and procedures for gifts. 44.Discussion about how the gift is going to be used, making sure the donors requests and the organizations needs are in line. 45. Procedures to track how the gift is being used. 46. Structures for Giving Opportunities (Example: donor recognition pieces/plaques, named spaces, or giving societies) xli. Acknowledgement 47. Thanking the donor j. Personalized letters, E-mails, phone calls, visits- should happen within the first week in which the gift is received xlii. Donor Recognition 48. How do your donors wanted to be recognized for their giving? 49.Mention in the newsletter, announcement at events, naming a space, donor plaques, press release, 50. This is the public forum for thanking a donor for their gift but need to ask for donor permission to do so. 51. For Participatory Fundraising- announcing and rewarding the top fundraisers publicly 52. Honor Rolls- announcement of donors to the organization printed publicly and thanking the donors through this forum. 53. Donor Walls/Donor Plaques- having a space in the center where donor names are listed for the public and your beneficiaries to see 54.Donor Recognition Events, awards, mementos, and volunteer opportunities-these not only are fun for the donors, but also help to strengthen your relationship with your donors and also show them that they are important to you. Can be big events with all of your donors or intimate lunches with the Director and/or some of your beneficiaries. xliii. Reporting (also referred to as stewardship) 55. Telling the donor the impact they are making on the mission of your organization or the specific projects they have given to. Why their giving has made a difference. 56.Two different ways of reporting: qualitative (storytelling confirming the usage of funds) and quantitative (shows the carrying out of spending funds properly) V. Public Relations (or PR) p. Everything your organization does to get public/press coverage of what your work q. Why is it important? xliv. Gets the word out and communicates your message xlv. Builds your audience xlvi. Builds your credibility and reputation within your community, with your beneficiaries, and your donors, thus helping to foster stronger relationships xlvii.Shows the results and successes of your work xlviii. Good time to use your elevator pitch r. Examples of PR xlix. Printed materials 57. Newsletters 58. Press Releases (work with your local media) 59. Brochures 60. Announcements about projects including donor/supporters names 61. Can be a two way street with your supporters (donors and volunteers) l. Television 62. Use for advertising about prog rams/projects or upcoming events 63. Can also be used for purposes of interviewing about your organization li. Online 64. Website 65. Facebook 66.Email blasts 67. Online newsletters/news stories lii. Special Events 68. Lectures or talks with experts, beneficiaries or having one of your donors to come in and speak 69. Volunteer Day s. Why is PR important for fundraising? liii. Can increase the money and resources coming in liv. New prospects find you 70. People learn about your work 71. If really good coverage- prospects come to you to learn more, volunteer, and possibly even invest in your work lv. Raising General Awareness 72. Remember to refer to yourself as a public benefit organization 73.Raising awareness in your immediate community about the work which is being done around them and the need to help accomplish those goals 74. Helps people remember your name and your mission lvi. â€Å"Social Proof† 75. Again building on your credibility- coverage shows that what you are doing is important and a leader in your community 76. Can also bring your public relations materials during donor meetings to further engage donors. VI. Let’s create a campaign! t. Make a plan lvii. What are we raising money for? lviii. Why are we raising money for this? lix. How much money do we need? lx.When do we need the money? 77. How are we going to raise the money? lxi. Who is going to be on the committee? lxii. What kind of advertising are we going to do for the campaign? lxiii. What kind of materials/resources do we need for the campaign? lxiv. How are we going to engage and thank our donors? u. What are we raising money for? lxv. Pick one project/event you would like to do with your organization 78. Birthday parties for kids with disabilities 79. Gifts/events for the chronically ill v. How much money do we need? lxvi. Create an overall budget which not only includes money but also resources lxvii.Can also create a useful tool to provide for your donors 80. Show them what their money will do: If you donate XX, we can include 5 more adults in our trainings for example. w. When do we need the money? 81. Create a timeline of not only the deadline, but all things which need to be done between now and the deadline as well as who is going to do those things x. How are we going to raise the money? lxviii. Participatory Fundraising (Get the crowd involved in your campaign, have to be very careful with planning to make sure the investment you make in these events is worth the return) 82.Athons- Walk-a-thons, Dance-a-thons, Read-a-thons k. a type of community or school fundraiser in which participants raise money by collecting donations or pledges for walking a predetermined distance or course, dancing for a predetermined amount of time, or read a certain amount of books within a predetermined time frame. 83. Spare Change boxes in the church 84. Raffles l. Sell raffle tickets for a particular item or a 50/50 raffle 85. Auctions m. People bid on certain i tems which have been donated for the cause. 86.Game competitions or carnival (Lemon ball) Each guest pays 1,000 dram for a lemon and closest lemon the bottle wins it. 87. Futbol tournament n. Have each team pay a certain amount to be a part of the tournament which will be donated to the organization. lxix. Individual Donors 88. Create a list of people/companies/organizations which may be interested in giving to this campaign lxx. Online Giving 89. Firstgiving. com y. Who is going to be involved in the committee? lxxi. Who needs to be included in all of the decisions made? Who is going to be in charge of which part of the campaign? . What kind of advertising are we going to do for the campaign? lxxii. Objective and Goals of the campaign lxxiii. Choose a campaign title 90. Race for the Cure (Run Breast Cancer out of Town) 91. Relay for Life (American Cancer Society) lxxiv. Create an â€Å"About the campaign† lxxv. How are we engaging the press? lxxvi. How are we updating our ow n online/print presence? {. What materials/ resources are we going to need? lxxvii. For example: how many people/volunteers are needed and for what amount of time lxxviii. Do you need prizes/awards xxix. Do you need space to put on the event lxxx. Need to think about things that may happen (for example, if it rains during the futbol tournament, what other arrangements need to be made? ) |. How are we going to engage and thank our donors? lxxxi. If participatory fundraising: need prizes/ awards for top fundraisers, guidelines, and thank yous lxxxii. Thank you letters, personalized, emails, phone calls, meetings lxxxiii. Online giving- should have thank you letters sent and update after the project is successful Fundraising P

Hypernatremia In Hospital Cancer Essay - 1516 Words

Hypernatremia in Hospitalized Cancer Patients Ufemia C. McCoy Azusa Pacific University Introduction Hypernatremia in Hospitalized Cancer Patients. The purpose of this article was to research the occurrence of hypernatremia in hospitalized cancer patients and the influence it had on the clinical outcomes and healthcare expenses. â€Å"Patients with cancer are at high risk of fluid and electrolytes disorders, the common factors related to this include chemotherapy and other anti cancer agents, steroid therapy, surgical procedures, or renal pathology† (Salahudeen, Doshi, Shah, 2013). The disequilibrium of electrolyte influences and predicts survival in cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the frequency†¦show more content†¦The data from cancer registry was utilized to confirm the influence of hypernatremia on the mortality rate. The study also compared two groups, patients with hypernatremia on admission and hospital acquired hypernatremia â€Å"(ie., patients with normal serum sodium on admission but had peak serum sodium above normal after admission)â €  (Salahudeen, Doshi, Shah, 2013). Results Hypernatremia and Hospitalized Acquired Hypernatremia. When the patients were admitted to the hospital 69.9% were in the eunatremic range, 29.9% were in the hyponatremic range and 0.2% were in the hypernatremia range. During the hospital stay the values were taken again on each patient, 51.8% were in the eunatremic range, 45.6% were in the hyponatremic range and 2.6% in the hypernatremic range concluding that hypernatremia was increased after admission and during the hospital stay. The patients with hypernatremia increased over ten times from the initial admission, only seven patients were admitted with hypernatremia and it increased to 90 patients during the hospital stay. Hypernatremia was more prevalent in patients with hematological malignancies. Those receiving chemotherapy at admission and admitted to the critical care unit were commonly leukemia and stem cell transplant patients suggesting that the patients who acquired hypernatremic were severely ill. Length of Hospital Stay. The